Umthelela ku-International Tinplate Trade kusukela ku-Tariff Trade War phakathi kwe-USA ne-China

▶ Kusukela ngo-2018 futhi idlondlobala ngo-Ephreli 26, 2025, i-Tariff Trade War's phakathi kwe-USA ne-China ibe nomthelela omkhulu ekuhwebeni komhlaba, ikakhulukazi embonini ye-tinplate.

▶ Njengeshidi lensimbi elinamekwe ngothayela ngokuyinhloko elisetshenziselwa amathini, i-Tinplate ibanjwe ukunqwabelana kwezindleko nezindlela zokuziphindiselela.

▶ Lapha sikhuluma ngomthelela ekuhwebeni kwe-tinplate yamazwe ngamazwe, futhi sizogxila eNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia, ngokusekelwe ekuthuthukisweni kwakamuva kwezomnotho kanye nedatha yezohwebo.

Isendlalelo ngeMpi Yezohwebo

Impi yezohwebo yaqalwa lapho i-US ibeka izintela ezimpahleni zaseShayina, ikhuluma ngemikhuba yokuhweba engalungile kanye nokwebiwa kwempahla yengqondo.

Ngo-2025, ukuphatha kukaMongameli uDonald Trump kwakhuphula amanani entengo, afinyelela ku-145% amanani ezimpahleni zaseChina.

I-China yaziphindiselela ngezintela zempahla ethengwayo yase-USA, okuholela ekwehleni okukhulu kohwebo phakathi kwayo, futhi ibalelwa ku-3% wokuhwebelana komhlaba wonke I-US - i-China ekhulayo impi yohwebo;

Lokhu kunyuka kuphazamise uchungechunge lokuhlinzekwa kwempahla emhlabeni wonke, okuthinta izimboni ezifana ne-tinplate.

I-USA Tariffs ku-Chinese Tinplate

Sibhekene nokupakishwa, ngakho sigxila ku-tinplate, uMnyango Wezohwebo wase-US wabeka imisebenzi yokuqala yokulwa nokulahlwa kwemikhiqizo kathayela evela e-China, enenani eliphakeme kakhulu elingu-122.5% ekuthengisweni kwamanye amazwe, okuhlanganisa okuvela kumkhiqizi omkhulu u-Baoshan Iron kanye ne-Steel US ukukhokhisa intela ku-tin mill steel evela e-Canada, e-China, eJalimane.

Lokhu kuqale ukusebenza kusukela ngo-Agasti 2023 , futhi kungenzeka kuqhubeke kuze kufike ku-2025. Sikholelwa ukuthi i-Chinese tinplate isincintisana kancane emakethe yase-US, okudala abathengi ukuthi bafune ezinye izindlela futhi baphazamise ukuhwebelana okujwayelekile.

Impendulo YaseChina Yokuziphindiselela

Impendulo ye-China ihlanganisa ukukhuphuka kwentela ezimpahleni zaseMelika, izinga elifinyelela ku-125% ngo-Ephreli 2025, okubonisa ukuphela okungenzeka kwezinyathelo ze-tit-for-tat.

I-China ishaya intela engu-125% ezimpahleni zase-US ekunyukeni kwakamuva kohwebo kwe-US-China.

Lokhu kuziphindiselela kuye kwakhinyabeza kakhulu ukuhwebelana phakathi kwabo, kunciphisa ukuthunyelwa kwe-US eChina futhi kuzothinta ukuhweba kwe-tinplate yomhlaba wonke, futhi zombili i-China ne-United States kuyodingeka zivumelane nezindleko eziphakeme futhi zifune ozakwethu abasha kwezinye izindawo namazwe.

Umthelela ku-International Tinplate Trade

Impi yezohwebo iholele ekulungisweni kabusha kokugeleza kohwebo kwe-tinplate.

Njengoba ukuthunyelwa kwe-China e-US kuvinjelwe, ezinye izifunda, kuhlanganise ne-Southeast Asia, zibone amathuba okushintsha.

Impi yezohwebo iphinde yagqugquzela abakhiqizi bomhlaba ukuthi bahlukanise amaketanga okuhlinzeka: Amazwe afana neVietnam neMalaysia azoheha ukutshalwa kwezimali kwezokukhiqiza, futhi sigxila ekukhiqizeni i-tinplate.

Kungani? lapho izindleko ziba phezulu, ukudluliswa noma ukufuduka kwenhloko-dolobha kuzohlela izisekelo zayo zokukhiqiza endaweni entsha, futhi eningizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia kuyoba ukukhetha okuhle, lapho izindleko zabasebenzi ziphansi, ukuhamba okulula, kanye nezindleko eziphansi zokuhweba.

I-Southeast Asia: Amathuba Nezinselele

INingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia ithathwa njengesifunda esibucayi endaweni yezohwebo ye-tinplate.

Amazwe afana neVietnam, Malaysia, neThailand ahlomule empini yezohwebo.

Njengoba abakhiqizi beshintsha futhi bethola kabusha izitshalo izindawo ukuze bagweme amanani entengo ase-US ezimpahleni zaseShayina.

Isibonelo, iVietnam ibone ukwanda kwezokukhiqiza, nezinkampani zobuchwepheshe ezihambisa imisebenzi lapho, kuzokwenza umthelela ezimbonini ezihlobene ne-tinplate.

Ukukhiqizwa kweVietnam kubanjwe empini yezohwebo yase-US-China. I-Malaysia iphinde yabona ukukhula kokuthunyelwa kwe-semiconductor, okungase kusekele ngokungaqondile isidingo se-tinplate sokupakisha impi yezohwebo yase-China-United States.
Nokho, izinselele zisahambisana nazo.

I-US ibeke izintela ezimpahleni ezahlukahlukene zaseNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia, njengamaphaneli elanga, ngamanani afika ku-3,521% ezintweni ezithengwayo ezivela e-Cambodia, Thailand, Malaysia, nase-Vietnam. uma kuza ku-solar, le threndi iphakamisa isimo esibanzi sokuvikela esingadlulela ku-tinplate uma ukuthunyelwa kwempahla e-US kukhuphuka. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, iNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia ibhekene nengozi yokugcwala impahla yaseShayina, njengoba i-China ifuna ukuqeda ukulahlekelwa kwemakethe yase-US ngokuqinisa izibopho zesifunda, okuzokwandisa ukuncintisana kubakhiqizi bendawo be-tinplate. Izintela zikaTrump zizocindezela iNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia ngokungathandeki eduze neChina.

Imithelela Yezomnotho Nokwehliswa Kwezohwebo

Impi yezohwebo iholele emiphumeleni yokuphambukisa kwezohwebo, njengoba amazwe aseNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia azuza ekwandeni kokuthunyelwa kwempahla kwamanye amazwe e-US nase-China ukuze avale izikhala ezishiywe uhwebo olunciphile lwamazwe amabili.

IVietnam iyona ehlomula kakhulu, ngokwenyuka ngo-15% kokuthunyelwa kwempahla e-US ngo-2024, kungenxa yoshintsho lokukhiqiza Ukuthi Impi Yezohwebo yase-US-China Yawuthinta Kanjani Umhlaba Wonke. I-Malaysia ne-Thailand nazo zibone izinzuzo, ngokukhuphuka kwe-semiconductor nezimoto ezithunyelwa ngaphandle.

Kodwa-ke, i-IMF ixwayise ngokuncipha kwe-GDP ngo-0.5% ezimakethe ezisafufusa ngenxa yokuphazamiseka kwezohwebo, okugqamisa ubungozi beSoutheast Asia US - China eyanda impi yohwebo; umthelela eNingizimu-mpumalanga Asia.

Umthelela onemininingwane kumboni ye-Tinplate

Idatha ethile yokuhweba nge-tinplate eNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia inomkhawulo, amathrendi ajwayelekile aphakamisa ukwanda kokukhiqizwa nokuhweba.

Impi yohwebo phakathi kweChina ne-USA ingase ithuthele ukukhiqizwa kwe-tinplate eNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia, kuzuze izindleko eziphansi kanye nokuba seduze kwezinye izimakethe.

Isibonelo, izinkampani zamaphaneli elanga aseShayina ezinezimboni esifundeni zinganweba amasu afanayo ukuze i-tinplate. Kodwa-ke, abakhiqizi bendawo bangase babhekane nokuncintisana okuvela kokubili kwe-China kanye nezindleko ze-US, okuholela endaweni eyinkimbinkimbi.

 

Izimpendulo Zesifunda kanye Nekusasa Elizayo

Amazwe aseNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia asabela ngokuqinisa ukubambisana kwangaphakathi kwesifunda, njengoba kubonakala emizamweni ye-ASEAN yokuthuthukisa izivumelwano zohwebo I-US - i-China izosabela empini yezohwebo futhi izoba nomthelela eNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia.

Ukuvakasha kukaMongameli wase-China e-Vietnam, Malaysia, nase-Cambodia ngo-April 2025 kwakuhloswe ukuqinisa ubudlelwano besifunda, okungase kukhulise ukuhweba nge-tinplate kwe-Xi's Tourism Highlights Dilemma for Southeast Asia in US-China Trade War. Kodwa-ke, ikusasa lesifunda lincike ekuzulazuleni ezindlekweni zase-US kanye nokugcina uzinzo kwezomnotho phakathi nokungaqiniseki komhlaba wonke.

Izwe	Amathuba	Izinselele
Vietnam	Ukwanda kokukhiqiza, ukukhula kokuthunyelwa kwempahla kwamanye amazwe	Izintela ezingaba khona zase-US, ukuncintisana
I-Malaysia	Ukukhuphuka kokuthekelisa kwe-semiconductor, ukuhlukahluka	Izintela zase-US, izimpahla zaseShayina ezikhukhula
Thailand	Ukushintsha kokukhiqiza, ukuhweba kwesifunda	Ingozi yezintela zase-US, ingcindezi yezomnotho
E-Cambodia	Ihabhu yokukhiqiza ekhulayo	Izintengo eziphezulu zase-US (isb., i-solar, 3,521%)