Amathini anezingcezu ezintathu ayizitsha zokupakisha zensimbi ezakhiwe ngamashidi ensimbi amancane ngezinqubo ezifana nokugoqa, ukubopha okunamathelayo, kanye nokushisela ukumelana. Aqukethe izingxenye ezintathu: umzimba, ingxenye engezansi, kanye nesembozo. Umzimba unomthungo ohlangothini futhi uthungwe phansi naphezulu. Ahlukile kumathini anezingcezu ezimbili, avame ukubizwa ngokuthi amathini anezingcezu ezintathu e-tinplate, aqanjwe ngezinto ze-tinplate ezivame ukusetshenziswa. Avame ukusetshenziswa njengezitsha zokudla, iziphuzo, impuphu eyomile, imikhiqizo yamakhemikhali, kanye nemikhiqizo ye-aerosol. Uma kuqhathaniswa namathini anezingcezu ezimbili, amathini anezingcezu ezintathu anikeza izinzuzo ezifana nokuqina okuphezulu, ikhono lokukhiqizwa ngezimo ezahlukahlukene, ukusetshenziswa okuphezulu kwezinto, ukushintsha kosayizi kalula, izinqubo zokukhiqiza ezivuthiwe, kanye nokufaneleka kwemikhiqizo ehlukahlukene epakishiwe.
Ukubuka Konke Kwemboni Yamathini Anezingcezu Ezintathu
Ithini elinezingcezu ezintathu liyisitsha sokupakisha sensimbi esisembonini yokupakisha. Eminyakeni yamuva nje, uhulumeni waseShayina ukhiphe uchungechunge lwezinqubomgomo ezikhuthaza intuthuko eluhlaza yomkhakha wokupakisha. Isibonelo:
- NgoJanuwari 2022, iKhomishini Yentuthuko Nokuguqulwa Kazwelonke (NDRC) kanye neminye iminyango yakhipha "Uhlelo Lokusebenza Lokukhuthaza Ukusetshenziswa Okuluhlaza," olubeka umgomo wokuthi ngo-2025, umqondo wokusetshenziswa okuluhlaza uzoba ugxilile kakhulu, ukusaphaza kanye nokuchitha kuzoncishiswa ngempumelelo, isabelo semakethe semikhiqizo eluhlaza kanye nemikhiqizo equkethe ikhabhoni ephansi sizokhula kakhulu, imiphumela ebalulekile izotholakala ekuguqulweni kokusetshenziswa okuluhlaza ezindaweni ezibalulekile, izindlela zokusetshenziswa okuluhlaza zizosetshenziswa kabanzi, futhi kuzokwakhiwa uhlelo lokusetshenziswa lokuqala olunentuthuko eluhlaza, enekhabhoni ephansi, kanye neyindilinga.
- NgoNovemba 2023, i-NDRC kanye neminye iminyango bakhiphe "Uhlelo Lokusebenza Lokukhuthaza Ukuguqulwa Okuluhlaza Kokupakisha Okusheshayo," bephakamisa imizamo eqinile yokunciphisa kakhulu imfucuza yokupakisha okusheshayo, ukusheshisa ukuthuthukiswa kwamamodeli amasha okupakisha okusheshayo angasetshenziswa kabusha, ukukhuthaza njalo ukuphinda kusetshenziswe ukupakisha okusheshayo okusetshenzisiwe, ukuthuthukisa ukulinganisa, ukujikeleza, ukunciphisa, kanye nokungabi nangozi kokupakisha okusheshayo, ukusekela intuthuko yekhwalithi ephezulu yezimboni ze-e-commerce kanye nokulethwa okusheshayo, kanye nokusekela ukuguqulwa okuluhlaza kwamamodeli okuthuthukisa.
Uchungechunge Lwezimboni Zamathini Anezingcezu Ezintathu
Ngokombono wochungechunge lwemboni:
- Phezulu: Ngokuyinhloko kuhilela abahlinzeki bezinto zokusetshenziswa kanye nemishini. Abahlinzeki bezinto zokusetshenziswa ikakhulukazi bahlinzeka ngamashidi ensimbi e-tinplate kanye namashidi ensimbi angenawo i-tin (TFS). Abahlinzeki bemishini bahlinzeka ngemishini efana nemishini yokushisela.
- I-Midstream: Kubhekiselwa ekukhiqizweni kwamathini anezingcezu ezintathu. Abakhiqizi kulesi sigaba basebenzisa izinto zokusetshenziswa eziphezulu futhi bazicubungule zibe imikhiqizo yethini enezingcezu ezintathu ngokusebenzisa amasu anjengokugoqa, ukubopha okunamathelayo, kanye nokushisela ukumelana.
- Ngaphansi komfula: Kubhekiselwa ezindaweni zokusetshenziswa kwamathini anezingcezu ezintathu, ikakhulukazi umkhakha wokudla neziphuzo. Ngenxa yokukhanya kwawo okuhle kwensimbi, ukungabi nobuthi, ukumelana nokugqwala okuhle kakhulu, kanye nezakhiwo zokuvala ezisezingeni eliphezulu, amathini anezingcezu ezintathu asetshenziswa kabanzi emikhiqizweni yokupakisha efana neziphuzo zetiye, iziphuzo zamaprotheni, iziphuzo ezisebenzayo, iphalishi elinomuthi oyisishiyagalombili, amajusi ezithelo nemifino, kanye neziphuzo zekhofi. Izinkampani zokudla neziphuzo zithenga amathini kubakhiqizi abaphakathi ukuze bapakishe futhi bathengise imikhiqizo yabo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amathini anezingcezu ezintathu athola ukusetshenziswa ezimbonini ezifana namakhemikhali.
Ukudla neziphuzo kwakha insimu eyinhloko yokusetshenziswa kwamathini anezingcezu ezintathu. Njengoba isidingo semakethe kulo mkhakha siqhubeka nokukhula, isidingo samathini anezingcezu ezintathu naso siyakhula. Eminyakeni yamuva nje, imboni yokudla neziphuzo yaseShayina ibilokhu ishintshashintsha ngenxa yezici zangaphandle.
Ngo-2023, kuzuza ezinqubweni zikazwelonke ezikhuthaza ukusetshenziswa, isidingo semakethe sabuya kancane kancane, nokukhula kwenani lokuthengiselana kushintsha kusuka kokubi kuya kokuhle, kuqopha ukwanda konyaka nonyaka okungu-7.6%. Imboni yokudla neziphuzo ibonise umfutho omkhulu wentuthuko ngo-2024, iqhutshwa yisidingo esikhulayo sabathengi sempilo, ikhwalithi, kanye nokwenza kube ngokwakho, okuphoqa izinkampani ukuthi zisungule futhi ziphumelele. Imboni iqhubekela phambili entuthukweni yekhwalithi ephezulu kanye nenempilo. Inani lokuthengiselana emakethe yokudla neziphuzo kulindeleke ukuthi liqhubeke nokuthambekela kwalo okuphakeme ngo-2024.
Okuluhlaza futhi okunobungani nemvelo njengoMkhuba Omusha
Phakathi kokuqwashisa ngemvelo okukhula emhlabeni jikelele, imikhuba yokulondoloza imvelo kanye neyokulondoloza imvelo isibe yindlela ebalulekile embonini yokupakisha. Njengezinto zokupakisha ezinobungani nemvelo ezingasetshenziswa kabusha, isidingo semakethe samathini anezingcezu ezintathu sikhula ngokuqhubekayo.
TUkuze zivumelane nalesi simo, izinkampani zidinga ukwandisa ukutshalwa kwezimali ocwaningweni nasekuthuthukisweni kobuchwepheshe nezinto ezivikela imvelo, zikhuthaze ukusetshenziswa kwemikhiqizo yokupakisha ngendlela eluhlaza, ukukhanyisa, kanye nokusebenzisa kahle izinsiza. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, kumele zihlanganyele ngenkuthalo ekusunguleni izinhlelo zokuqoqa nokusebenzisa kabusha imfucuza yokupakisha ukuze kufezwe intuthuko esimeme embonini yokupakisha.
Ukwanda Kwemakethe Yamazwe Ngamazwe
Phakathi komkhuba wokuhlanganiswa komnotho womhlaba wonke, amabhizinisi anezingcezu ezintathu asheshisa ijubane lawo ekukhuleni kwemakethe yamazwe ngamazwe. Ngokusebenzisa izimakethe zaphesheya kwezilwandle, izinkampani zingathuthukisa ithonya lomkhiqizo, zandise isabelo semakethe, futhi zivikele indawo ebanzi yokuthuthukiswa. Ukwandiswa kwemakethe yamazwe ngamazwe akudingi nje kuphela amakhono ocwaningo nokuthuthukiswa komkhiqizo aqinile kanye nokukhiqiza kodwa futhi kudinga ukusungulwa kwamanethiwekhi okumaketha aphesheya kwezilwandle aphelele kanye nezinhlelo zesevisi yangemva kokuthengisa. Amabhizinisi adinga ukuqinisa ukuhweba kanye nokubambisana nezimakethe zamazwe ngamazwe, aqonde izinqubomgomo, imithethonqubo, izidingo zemakethe, kanye nemikhuba yokusebenzisa yamazwe nezifunda ezahlukene, futhi akhe amasu emakethe aguquguqukayo kanye nezixazululo zomkhiqizo ukuze kufezwe ukuthunyelwa kwemakethe yamazwe ngamazwe okuphumelelayo.
Njengomkhiqizi ohamba phambili waseShayina wemishini yokukhiqiza ithini enezingcezu ezintathu kanye nemishini yokukhiqiza ithini ye-aerosol, i-Changtai Intelligent Equipment Co., Ltd. igxile ezinhlelweni zokukhiqiza amathini ezithuthukisiwe. Izixazululo zethu zihlanganisa izinqubo zokwakheka ezibanzi ezifaka phakathi ukuhlukanisa, ukubumba, ukugoqa, ukufuqa, ukugoqa, kanye nokuthunga. Njengoba zakhiwe ngokwakhiwa kwe-modular okuyinkimbinkimbi kanye namakhono okukhiqiza ngokunemba, lezi zinhlelo ziletha izinhlelo zokusebenza eziguquguqukayo kuzo zonke izidingo zokukhiqiza ezahlukahlukene. Zinezinqubo zokuvuselela kabusha ezisheshayo nezilula, zithola umphumela omuhle kakhulu ngenkathi zigcina ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo ephezulu, kanye nezinqubo zokuphepha eziqinile kanye nokuvikelwa okuthuthukisiwe komqhubi. Noma yimuphi umshini wokwenza imishini kanye nezixazululo zokupakisha insimbi,
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Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Juni-06-2025